Temperature of the hot α-source: A guidance to probe the Bose-Einstein condensation of aclusters in the heavy-ion collision

Recent experimental efforts were made to explore the Bose-Einstein condensation in multi-alpha system using the heavy-ion collisions. This Letter provides an explanation why no signatures were observed and a guidance for future experiments. More precisely, a harmonic oscillator model is developed to study the multi-alpha source at or near zero temperature. The temperature and particle population of the multi-alpha sources observed in the current experiments are extracted. It is found that almost no alpha particles occupy the ground state in those multi-alpha sources. The critical temperatures for the multi-alpha-condensed states are predicted, which provides a guidance for the future experiments to probe the Bose-Einstein condensation of alpha clusters in the heavy-ion collisions. (c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Funded by SCOAP(3).