中国暴雨洪涝灾情时空格局及影响因素

被引：51

作者：

胡畔 ^{[1
,2
,3
,4
]}

陈波 ^{[1
,2
,3
,4
]}

史培军 ^{[1
,2
,3
,5
]}

机构：

[1] 北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室

[2] 北京师范大学环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室

[3] 应急管理部-教育部减灾与应急管理研究院

[4] 北京师范大学地理科学学部

[5] 不详

来源：

地理学报 | 2021年 / 76卷 / 05期

基金：

国家重点研发计划;

关键词：

暴雨; 暴雨洪涝; 灾情; 时空格局; 地理探测器; 影响因素; 中国;

D O I：

暂无

中图分类号：

P426.616 [降水引起的灾害];

学科分类号：

摘要：

暴雨洪涝灾害给中国造成了巨大人口和经济损失。本文通过对中国气象灾情普查数据的分析,结合小时降水数据、统计年鉴等资料,研究了1984—2007年间中国极端降水和暴雨洪涝灾情时空分异特征。在此基础上,采用地理探测器研究了中国暴雨洪涝灾情时空格局的影响因素。结果表明,研究时段内全国极端降雨指标没有一致的变化趋势。长江、珠江及东南沿海等流域暴雨洪涝频次显著增加,但因灾人口死亡率下降,表明设防能力的提升对人口损失的缓减影响明显;西北地区因灾死亡人数和人口受灾率、经济损失等均增加,表明设防能力薄弱;因暴雨洪涝受灾人口贡献率最高的因子是气象致灾因素,又因暴雨洪涝死亡人口贡献率最高的是地理等孕灾环境和社会经济等承灾体因素,故暴雨洪涝直接经济损失贡献率最高的是地理等孕灾环境因素。该研究可为洪水灾情的影响因素定量化分析提供理论参考。

引用

页码：1148 / 1162

页数：15

共 45 条

[31] Spatio-temporal variations of precipitation extremes in Xinjiang, China[J] . Qiang Zhang,Vijay P. Singh,Jianfeng Li,Fengqing Jiang,Yungang Bai.Journal of Hydrology . 2012
[32] Bootstrap Confidence Regions for the Intensity of a Poisson Point Process[J] . Ann Cowling,Peter Hall,Michael J. Phillips.Journal of the American Statistical Association . 2012 (436)
[33] Flood fatalities in Africa: From diagnosis to mitigation[J] . Giuliano Di Baldassarre,Alberto Montanari,Harry Lins,Demetris Koutsoyiannis,Luigia Brandimarte,Günter Bl?schl.Geophysical Research Letters . 2010 (22)
[34] How do the rain rates of sub‐event intervals such as the maximum 5‐ and 15‐min rates （I＜sub＞5＜/sub＞ or I＜sub＞30＜/sub＞） relate to the properties of the enclosing rainfall event?[J] . David L.Dunkerley.Hydrol. Process. . 2010 (17)
[35] Intensification of East Asian Summer Rainfall Interannual Variability in the Twenty-First Century Simulated by 12 CMIP3 Coupled Models
Lu, Riyu
Fu, Yuanhai
[J]. JOURNAL OF CLIMATE, 2010, 23 (12) : 3316 - 3331
[36] Geographical Detectors-Based Health Risk Assessment and its Application in the Neural Tube Defects Study of the Heshun Region, China[J] . Jin-Feng Wang,Xin-Hu Li,George Christakos,Yi-Lan Liao,Tin Zhang,Xue Gu,Xiao-Ying Zheng.International Journal of Geographical Information . 2010 (1)
[37] Global warming benefits the small in aquatic ecosystems
Daufresne, Martin
Lengfellner, Kathrin
Sommer, Ulrich
[J]. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2009, 106 (31) : 12788 - 12793
[38] Rain event properties in nature and in rainfall simulation experiments: a comparative review with recommendations for increasingly systematic study and reporting[J] . David Dunkerley.Hydrological Processes . 2008 (22)
[39] Spatial and temporal variability of precipitation maxima during 1960–2005 in the Yangtze River basin and possible association with large-scale circulation[J] . Qiang Zhang,Chong-Yu Xu,Zengxin Zhang,Yongqin David Chen,Chun-ling Liu,Hui Lin.Journal of Hydrology . 2007 (3)
[40] Temporal and spatial trends of precipitation and river flow in the Yangtze River Basin, 1961–2000[J] . Tong Jiang,Buda Su,Heike Hartmann.Geomorphology . 2006 (3)

← 1 2 3 4 5 →