黄河永和关段全新世古洪水研究

被引:51
|
作者
黄春长
李晓刚
庞奖励
查小春
周亚利
机构
[1] 陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院
关键词
古洪水; 滞流沉积物; 水文学; 全新世; 黄河中游;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
P531 [古地理学];
学科分类号
摘要
通过对黄河中游晋陕峡谷段进行系统地考察,在多个地点发现全新世古洪水滞流沉积物。选择永和关段YHG剖面进行了沉积学和水文学研究。根据野外宏观沉积学特征,确定YHG剖面含有一组五层古洪水滞流沉积层。采样分析测试表明其磁化率低、烧失量小、CaCO3含量低,粒度成分分类为粉沙质细沙和细沙质粉沙。它们是黄河洪水悬移质泥沙在高水位滞流情况下的沉积物,记录了黄河晋陕峡谷段一期五次特大古洪水事件。通过地层学对比分析和OSL测年断代,确定这五次洪水发生在全新世中期—晚期转折阶段,即3200-3000aBP。这也是我国历史上商末—西周初年的气候恶化转折阶段。利用"古洪水SWD厚度与含沙量关系法"恢复古洪水洪峰水位,采用面积—比降法计算出5次古洪水事件洪峰流量介于28380~48590m3/s之间。该结果有效地延长了黄河中游洪水数据序列,为万年尺度洪水流量—频率关系的计算提供了基础数据。这对于黄河中下游水利水电工程洪水设计和洪水资源化开发管理具有重要的现实意义,对于揭示黄河中游水文过程对于全球变化的响应规律具有重要的科学意义。
引用
收藏
页码:1493 / 1504
页数:12
相关论文
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    黄春长
    庞奖励
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