Research Progress and Challenges of High-Performance Solid-State Lithium Sulfur Batteries: Cathodes, Electrolytes, and Anodes

The development of energy storage and vehicle industries has promoted the development of batteries with high specific capacity and high safety performance. When compared with liquid batteries, solid-state batteries avoid the use of liquid electrolyte, effectively reducing electrolyte leakage and fire hazards. Solid-state lithium sulfur battery (SSLSBs) has abundant sulfur cathode, high capacity metal lithium anode, and noncombustible solid-state electrolytes (SSEs). Despite these attractive advantages, some challenges such as slow sulfur redox kinetics, lithium metal failure, and difficulties in manufacturing and storage of SSEs have hindered their practical application. In order to promote the development of SSLSBs, a detailed generalization and summarization are provided of the research progresses of high-performance SSLSBs over the past three years. In this review, the problems faced are deeply explored by the cell cathodes, SSEs, and lithium anodes in the application process, and put forward plentiful feasible solutions according to the corresponding issues. Finally, the latest achievements of SSLSBs are summarized, and the views on the future development are put forward. The review presents a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the application and mechanism of action of cell cathodes, anodes, and SSEs in SSLSBs, providing a novel viewpoint for scholars to explore high-performance SSLSBs.