Propagation of surface waves on the vacuum-quantum plasma interface with vacuum effects

The propagation of surface waves on the vacuum-quantum plasmas interface is investigated, in which the Bohm potential, Fermi degeneracy pressure and vacuum polarization effect are considered. Plasmas is treated as an electromagnetic fluid, described by a quantum magnetohydrodynamic model, while the self-consistent electromagnetic field obeys Maxwell's equation. Vacuum polarization effect can be described by the HeisenbergEuler-Lagrange density, and the Maxwell's equation are modified by the effective polarization and magnetization vector due to vacuum polarization. Based on the quantum magnetohydrodynamics model and Maxwell's equations modified by the low-energy vacuum polarization effect, the dispersion relations of surface waves are derived. The results indicate that the propagation of surface waves will be influenced by the QED vacuum polarization effect, which is mainly reflected in the variation of the plasma frequency. It is worth noting that the influence of the QED vacuum polarization effect becomes significant in the presence of extremely strong magnetic fields.