Spatial predictors of landowners' engagement in the restoration of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

被引:0
|
作者
Pienkowski, Thomas [1 ]
Sterrantino, Anna [2 ]
Tedesco, Anazelia [3 ,4 ]
Clark, Matt [1 ]
Brancalion, Pedro [5 ,6 ]
Jagadish, Arundhati [7 ,8 ]
Mendes, Alex [9 ,10 ]
de Siqueira, Ludmila [9 ,10 ]
Mills, Morena [1 ]
机构
[1] Imperial Coll London, Ctr Environm Policy, London, England
[2] Alan Turing Inst, London, England
[3] Univ Queensland, Ctr Biodivers & Conservat Sci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
[4] Amazon, Mirande, France
[5] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Forest Sci, Sao Paulo, Brazil
[6] Re Green, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
[7] Betty & Gordon Moore Ctr Sci, Conservat Int, Arlington, TX USA
[8] Nat Conservat Fdn India, Mysore, India
[9] Univ Sao Paulo, Luiz Queiroz Coll Agr, Dept Forest Sci, Piracicaba, Brazil
[10] Atlantic Forest Restorat Pact, Campinas, Brazil
关键词
adoption; Atlantic Forest Restoration Pact; Diffusion of Innovations theory; engagement; forest restoration; reforestation; scaling; United Nations Decade on Ecosystem Restoration; CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY; BENEFITS; LANDSCAPE; DIFFUSION; HOTSPOTS; LESSONS; MODELS; TIME;
D O I
10.1002/pan3.10765
中图分类号
X176 [生物多样性保护];
学科分类号
090705 ;
摘要
Forest restoration can potentially contribute to multiple global sustainable development goals. Yet, little is known about the factors associated with local actors' choice to engage in restoration, limiting the development of effective scaling strategies. Our study examines the spatial socio-ecological factors associated with landowners' engagement in forest restoration, documented by the Atlantic Forest Restoration Pact in Brazil. We draw on Diffusion of Innovations theory to model associations between forest restoration and explanatory variables among 222,000 private properties in the Atlantic Forest. Properties with the highest cattle densities were 163.9% more likely to be restored (95% CI: 131.1%-201.3%) than those with the lowest. Large properties had a 120.0% higher restoration probability (95% CI: 90.9%-153.5%) than medium ones. Compared to reference levels, associations between forest cover (in 2010) and restoration probability were ambiguous, but properties with greater forest loss (1990-2010) were 9.0% less likely to be restored (95% CI: -12.5% to -5.3%). Properties with water bodies were 22.2% more likely to be restored (95% CI: 8.9%-37.1%), while upland properties were 46.6% less likely (95% CI: 32.3%-57.8%), and those with the highest ruggedness 22.2% less likely (95% CI: 12.4%-30.9%). Longer travel times to urban areas reduced restoration likelihood by 48.3% (95% CI: 39.7%-55.8%). Properties in the highest road distance quantile were 11.1% more likely to be restored (95% CI: 0.1%-23.2%). High forest management levels reduced restoration likelihood by 52.6% (95% CI: 15.5%-73.6%), while densely populated areas increased it by 53.8% (95% CI: 35.6%-74.4%). Properties in wealthier municipalities were more likely to be restored (54.7%, 95% CI 10.8%-116.4%). Landowners' decision-making appears responsive to legislative requirements (on minimum forest cover and afforestation around waterbodies), underscoring their value for promoting restoration. Commercial landowners might have greater incentives to restore or be selectively targeted by restoration organisations, risking the marginalisation of smallholders in poorer areas from restoration agendas. Engagement with forest restoration is highest where there are more people and lower travel times to cities, suggesting restoration can potentially deliver ecological benefits in some of Brazil's most degraded landscapes.Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog. A restauraçã o florestal pode contribuir para mú ltiplos objetivos de desenvolvimento sustentá vel. No entanto, pouco se sabe sobre os fatores associados à decisã o dos atores locais em se engajarem na restauraçã o, o que limita o desenvolvimento de estraté gias eficazes de ganho de escala na restauraçã o. Nosso estudo examina os fatores socioecoló gicos espaciais associados ao engajamento de proprietá rios rurais em atividades de restauraçã o florestal, documentadas pelo Pacto pela Restauraçã o da Mata Atlâ ntica no Brasil. Baseamo-nos na teoria da Difusã o de Inovaçõ es para modelar as associaçõ es entre a restauraçã o florestal e as variá veis explicativas para 222 mil propriedades privadas na Mata Atlâ ntica. As propriedades com maiores densidades de gado apresentaram 163,9% mais chances de serem restauradas (CI 95%: 131,1%-201,3%) em comparaçã o com aquelas com menores densidades. Grandes propriedades apresentaram uma probabilidade de restauraçã o 120,0% maior (CI 95%: 90,9%-153,5%) do que as mé dias. Em comparaçã o com os ní veis de referê ncia, as associaçõ es entre a cobertura florestal (em 2010) e a probabilidade de restauraçã o apresentaram-se ambí guas, mas as propriedades com maior perda florestal (1990-2010) tiveram 9,0% menos chances de serem restauradas (CI 95%: -12,5% a -5,3%). Propriedades com corpos d'á gua apresentaram 22,2% mais chances de serem restauradas (CI 95%: 8,9%-37,1%), enquanto propriedades em á reas de altitude apresentaram 46,6% menos chances (CI 95%: 32,3%-57,8%) e aquelas com relevo mais irregular apresentaram 22,2% menos chances (CI 95%: 12,4%-30,9%). Maiores tempos de viagem até á reas urbanas foram associados a uma reduçã o de 48,3% (CI 95%: 39,7%-55,8%) na probabilidade de restauraçã o. As propriedades no quantil mais alto de distâ ncia até estradas apresentaram 11,1% mais chances de serem restauradas (CI 95%: 0,1%-23,2%). Altos ní veis de manejo florestal foram associados a uma reduçã o de 52,6% (CI 95%: 15,5%-73,6%) na probabilidade de restauraçã o, enquanto á reas densamente povoadas apresentaram uma probabilidade 53,8% maior (CI 95%: 35,6%-74,4%). As propriedades em municí pios mais ricos foram associadas a maior probabilidade de serem restauradas (54,7%, CI 95%: 10,8%-116,4%). A tomada de decisã o dos proprietá rios rurais parece responder aos requisitos legislativos (como a cobertura florestal mí nima e a restauraçã o ao redor de corpos d'á gua), destacando seu valor para promover a restauraçã o. Proprietá rios comerciais podem ter maiores incentivos para restaurar ou de ser alvos seletivos de organizaçõ es de restauraçã o, o que pode marginalizar pequenos agricultores em á reas mais pobres de oportunidades associadas as agendas de restauraçã o. O engajamento com a restauraçã o florestal é maior onde há maior densidade populacional e menor tempo de viagem para as cidades, sugerindo que a restauraçã o pode potencialmente trazer benefí cios ecoló gicos para algumas das paisagens mais degradadas do Brasil.Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
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页数:18
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