Energy transition policy and rural revitalization of Chinese ethnic regions

This study addresses socio-economic disparities and environmental challenges in China's ethnic regions by examining the impact of energy transition policies on rural revitalization, with a particular focus on the mediating effects of population quality, economic growth, and industrial upgrading. Using data from 46 Chinese ethnic regions spanning 2003-2022, the analysis reveals that industrial upgrading significantly enhances the effectiveness of these policies, while educational attainment, as a measure of population quality, further amplifies their benefits. Although economic growth also contributes positively to rural revitalization, its mediating role is less pronounced. These findings highlight the need for a comprehensive strategy that integrates energy transition with socio-economic development to promote sustainable rural progress. The study underscores the critical role of incorporating energy transition into broader development policies, particularly through industrial and educational improvements, to achieve sustainable development in China's ethnic regions, and offers valuable policy recommendations.