Distributed Resilient Clustering Algorithm for Virtual Power Plants Under Cyber Attacks

In this paper, the resilient control issue of virtual power plants (VPPs) under hybrid cyber attacks, specifically focusing on denial-of-service (DoS) and false data injection (FDI) attacks is first addressed. To solve this problem, a novel distributed resilient clustering secondary control technique is developed to ensure the normal operation of the VPP under cyber attacks. Specifically, an FDI attack estimation technique is first introduced to precisely estimate unknown FDI attacks affecting the bulk power supply. Based on the estimator, distributed resilient secondary controllers are designed to effectively combat the effects of FDI attacks and help achieve the frequency and voltage restoration as well as the proportional allocation of power requirement and state-of-charge (SoC) balancing of energy storage systems (ESSs). Under the proposed FDI attack estimation-based cooperative resilient secondary controller, the stability of the closed-loop systems subjected to hybrid FDI and DoS attacks is rigorously analyzed using Lyapunov theory. Finally, several simulation examples are introduced to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.