Assessment of energy, resource saving, environmental, product and economic potential of farm animal products

The paper is devoted to the analysis of environmental problems of farm animal waste management and the energy direction of their use to obtain high-quality organic fertilizers as by-products. The analysis of the population of the main types of farm animals in various regions of the Russian Federation allows us to estimate the annual volumes of formation of their vital products using appropriate specific indicators. This information forms the basis for determining the mass of emissions of various pollutants into the atmosphere (including greenhouse gases), contaminated wastewater into water bodies, waste disposal on agricultural land rejected from circulation in the processes of formation and storage of manure, litter and manure wastewater in livestock farms. The results of the calculations indicate the significance of the environmental damage caused. Calculations were performed using certified techniques and software products. The production of biogas, thermal and electric energy, and high-quality organic fertilizers is chosen as a possible direction of waste disposal in order to reduce their impact on the environment and solve resource-saving problems. The investment design of biogas energy complexes and the development of regional renewable energy development programs require an environmental and economic justification. Its information basis is the system of fuel, electric power, thermal energy, resource-saving, ecological, ecological-economic, economic and product potentials developed by the authors of this paper. A step-by-step methodology for their assessment is presented. Information and computing system created at the Department of Industrial Ecology of the D.I. Mendeleev Russian University of Chemical Technology was used for the assessment. The system is designed to assess the potentials of solar and wind energy, energy use of various types of waste, plant biomass and other types of renewable energy sources. The potentials of energy utilization of farm animal waste products for various types of animal husbandry with differentiation by regions, subjects and federal districts of Russia have been calculated. With this information, each separate administrative-territorial unit can carry out an ecological and economic justification of investment in programs of farm animal waste products utilization.