Anti-Inflammatory Withanolides From Physalis angulata Var. villosa Bonati

Two new withanolide derivatives (1 and 2) and 12 known withanolide analogs (3-14) were identified from the aerial part of Physalis angulata var. villosa Bonati. Their structures were determined by various spectral data, quantum chemical calculations, and sugar derivatization methods. Three compounds (2, 3, and 14) demonstrated good nitric oxide inhibitory effects against lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, with IC50 values of 4.93 +/- 0.22-8.58 +/- 0.83 mu M. The present study suggests that withanolide derivatives have potential anti-inflammatory activity and could be used to treat inflammation-related diseases. Moreover, the chemotaxonomic implications of the isolates are further investigated.