Systematic review of computational techniques, dataset utilization, and feature extraction in electrocardiographic imaging

This study aimed to analyze computational techniques in ECG imaging (ECGI) reconstruction, focusing on dataset identification, problem-solving, and feature extraction. We employed a PRISMA approach to review studies from Scopus and Web of Science, applying Cochrane principles to assess risk of bias. The selection was limited to English peer-reviewed papers published from 2010 to 2023, excluding studies that lacked computational technique descriptions. From 99 reviewed papers, trends show a preference for traditional methods like the boundary element and Tikhonov methods, alongside a rising use of advanced technologies including hybrid techniques and deep learning. These advancements have enhanced cardiac diagnosis and treatment precision. Our findings underscore the need for robust data utilization and innovative computational integration in ECGI, highlighting promising areas for future research and advances. This shift toward tailored cardiac care suggests significant progress in diagnostic and treatment methods.