A Narrative and Case-Illustrated Review on Dental Autotransplantation Identifying Current Gaps in Knowledge

Background: Permanently replacing missing teeth in the younger population is a clinical challenge. However, dental autotransplantation offers a viable treatment option in this demographic. To be performed predictably, it requires proper diagnoses, planning, and adherence to established guidelines in a multidisciplinary approach. Such guidelines should use evidence-based dentistry to anticipate and limit complications. The aim of this study is to evaluate the current literature on dental autotransplantation, discuss an evidence-based protocol, highlight steps for minimizing complications, and present a case report on two autotransplantations conducted at the Graduate Periodontology clinic at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Adams School of Dentistry, in the context of representative cases. Methods: A literature search using PubMed was conducted with the goal of constructing a comparative table on both survival and success rates of autotransplantation, providing a comparison of protocols and clinical studies and informing this narrative review. This review is illustrated by cases with the intention to highlight critical steps, limitations, and strengths of this mode of treatment. Results and Conclusions: Given the information presented, it is concluded that autotransplantation is a valuable treatment option provided established guidelines are followed. It is particularly useful for the younger population where implants or other options are not appropriate or feasible. This study also highlights some of the gaps in knowledge in autotransplantation which present opportunity for further studies to be developed.