Green algal polysaccharides and derivatives as potential therapeutics for metabolic diseases

Green algae is a nutrient-rich food that has the potential to be a natural source of raw materials for the development of new drugs. It is rich in polysaccharides and has antiviral, antibacterial, cytotoxic, immunostimulating and hypolipidemic properties. As a result, a large body of scientific literature has emerged highlighting the exciting therapeutic potential of these extraordinary molecules in a variety of situations. It is worth noting that green algae contain some polysaccharides with special structures, and some of these powerful physiological activities are closely related to their structure. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the chemical and pharmaceutical potential of green algae. Emphasis is also placed on the structure of polysaccharides and the monosaccharides that make up their structure. We are eager to elucidate the subtle interplay between the structural complexity of polysaccharides and their effects on pharmacological activity to further understand the medicinal potential of these unique organisms.