Neurological Performance and Clinical Outcomes Related to Patients With Oropouche-Associated Guillain-Barré Syndrome

Background and AimsA recent study reported that Oropouche virus (OROV) infection may play a role in the etiology of Guillain-Barr & eacute; syndrome. We aimed to identify the neurological performance, disease-modifying therapies, and clinical outcomes related to patients with Oropouche-associated Guillain-Barr & eacute; syndrome admitted to the critical care unit.MethodsThis was an analysis of 210 patients diagnosed with Guillain-Barr & eacute; syndrome and suspicion of Oropouche viral infection admitted to the critical care units from June 2024 to September 2024 using the national administrative healthcare data. OROV was identified by reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction. Patients with Guillain-Barr & eacute; syndrome and Oropouche infection were compared with those without Oropouche infection in terms of demography features, neurological performance, disease-modifying therapies, and clinical outcomes.ResultsMost patients had a severe disease. Mechanical ventilation was required in 28.6%. Overall mortality rate was 14.3%. The median time from onset of weakness to intensive care unit discharge, and the median time from hospital admission to intensive care unit discharge was 18 days (IQR: 13-24.3 days) and 13 days (IQR: 9-19 days), respectively. Oropouche viral infection was detected in 43 (20.5%) patients. There were no differences among patients with and without Oropouche viral infection regarding general characteristics, neurological performance, disease-modifying therapies, and outcomes. After adjusting for confounders in multivariate logistic regression analysis, Oropouche viral infection (OR: 1.94; 95% CI: 0.72-5.20; p = 0.189) was not related to increased mortality.InterpretationOropouche viral infection does not modify the clinical course, disease severity, and outcomes of patients with Guillain-Barr & eacute; syndrome.