Connectivity of Aeronautical Ad Hoc Network Based on Single Route

Connectivity is the prerequisite and foundation of wireless network communication and routing. Currently, there is relatively little and insufficiently in-depth research on the connectivity of aeronautical ad-hoc networks in areas lacking communication infrastructure. In response to this situation, research is being conducted on the connectivity of aeronautical ad hoc networks based on a single route. Initially, a simulation model is established where aircraft can enter a designated flight route from other routes for communication relay, not limited to fixed points of starting and destination. through theoretical analysis, a formula for calculating the connectivity probability of flight routes was derived, and its accuracy was verified by simulation. Building on this, utilizing actual aircraft data and the above-mentioned connectivity probability calculation formula, a study was conducted on the connectivity of flight routes along the U.S. East Coast and across the Gulf of Mexico. The research indicates that in conditions where the aircraft density is 0.01 aircraft/km with a transmission range of 200 km, the connectivity of cross-sea routes is lower and more unstable compared to coastal routes, with a probability of connectivity below 50% for 12 hours throughout the day. When the aircraft density increases to 0.015 aircraft/km and the transmission range is greater than or equal to 300 km, the probability of connectivity for most of the day is maintained above 80%. The experimental results show that under certain conditions, it is feasible to establish an aeronautical ad-hoc network in areas lacking ground communication stations.