Graphene-based Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor Design Using Square-shaped Metamaterial Resonators for Blood Cancer Detection

This study presents a highly sensitive sensor, specifically designed with a unique structure and advanced materials, including graphene and metamaterials, to enhance early detection of blood cancer. The sensor's structure is meticulously optimized, with graphene serving as a resonating layer and metamaterials integrated to amplify its performance. These materials, combined with the carefully configured structural parameters, create a sensor with superior sensitivity and efficiency. Additionally, adjustments to the angle of light incidence are explored to examine their influence on detection accuracy, further enhancing the sensor's capabilities. Through this optimized design, the sensor gets an impressive sensitivity of 2143 nm/RIU, making it highly effective for detecting subtle refractive index changes associated with blood cancer biomarkers. Early detection of blood cancer, a condition that can be life-threatening if diagnosed late, is crucial for improving patient outcomes. This sensor, with its high sensitivity and optimized structural design, provides an efficient and powerful tool for early-stage blood cancer diagnosis.