Production and Characterization of Regenerated Cellulose Fiber Derived From Herbaceous Plants (Poaceae) With Ionic Liquids

In many countries around the world, weed infestations poses a significant obstacle to agricultural production and economic activity. However, these weeds are only considered for extermination, and their vast biomass is not utilized effectively. In this study, we attempted to convert weeds into regenerated cellulose fibers for high-added value and effective use. Cellulose pulp obtained from herbaceous plants (Poaceae) of Andropogon virginicus and Miscanthus sinensis was dissolved in an ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride) to regenerate cellulose fibers. The properties and morphology of the regenerated cellulose fibers were evaluated, and the structure of the cellulose pulp obtained as an intermediate product was analyzed. The different extraction rates of these weeds resulted in differences in the degree of polymerization of the cellulose pulp. However, the regenerated cellulose fibers were successfully spun in both species. As the speed increased, the regenerated cellulose fibers became smoother, the fiber diameter decreased, and their mechanical properties improved. The regenerated celluloses fiber obtained from M. sinensis were comparable to rayon, an existing cellulose fiber, and exhibited similar values of fiber strength and modulus. These results indicated that the production of regenerated cellulose fibers from unused weeds was effective. This study demonstrates the potential of this materials as a new raw material.