Epidemiology and associated risk factors for candidemia in a Canadian tertiary paediatric hospital: An 11-year review

被引:5
|
作者
Liu, Suefay Harumi [1 ]
Mitchell, Hana [2 ,3 ]
Nasser Al-Rawahi, Ghada [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ British Columbia, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Vancouver, BC, Canada
[2] BC Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Div Infect Dis, Vancouver, BC, Canada
[3] BC Womens Hosp & Hlth Ctr, Vancouver, BC, Canada
关键词
candidemia; epidemiology; neonates; paediatrics; risk factors; INTENSIVE-CARE; NON-ALBICANS; INVASIVE CANDIDIASIS; CHILDREN; CANDIDAEMIA; SURVEILLANCE; MULTICENTER; INFECTIONS; PREDICTORS; MANAGEMENT;
D O I
10.3138/jammi-2022-0021
中图分类号
R51 [传染病];
学科分类号
100401 ;
摘要
Background: Candidemia represents a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in children. We examined the epidemiology and associated risk factors of candidemia at a Canadian tertiary care paediatric hospital over an 11-year period.Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted on children with positive blood culture for Candida species between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2018. Patient demographics, previously described candidemia risk factors, Candida species, follow-up investigations, interventions, and outcome data were included in the analysis.Results: Sixty-one candidemia episodes were reported with an overall incidence rate of 5.1 cases per 10,000 patient admissions. Of the 66 species identified, the most common was Candida albicans (53%, 35), followed by Candida parapsilosis (18%, 12), and Candida glabrata (8%, 5). Mixed candidemia was noted in 8% (5/61) of episodes. The most common risk factors included presence of central venous catheter (95%, 58/61) and receipt of antibiotics in the last 30 days (92%, 56/61). Majority of patients received abdominal imaging (89%, 54/61), ophthalmology consult (84%, 51/61), and echocardiogram (70%, 43/61), regardless of age. Line removal was performed in 81% (47/58) of cases. Evidence of disseminated fungal disease on abdominal imaging was observed in 11% (6/54) of patients, all in non-neonates but with risk factors including immunosuppression and gastrointestinal abnormalities. The overall 30-day case fatality rate was 8% (5/61).Conclusions: C. albicans was the most commonly isolated species. Disseminated candidiasis was demonstrated mainly on abdominal imaging in patients with relevant risk factors, including immunosuppression and gastrointestinal abnormalities. Historique : La candid & eacute;mie est une cause importante de morbidit & eacute; et de mortalit & eacute; chez les enfants. Sur une p & eacute;riode de 11 ans, les chercheurs ont examin & eacute; l'& eacute;pid & eacute;miologie de la candid & eacute;mie et les facteurs de risque s'y rapportant dans un h & ocirc;pital p & eacute;diatrique canadien de soins tertiaires.M & eacute;thodologie : Les chercheurs ont proc & eacute;d & eacute; & agrave; une & eacute;tude r & eacute;trospective des dossiers chez des enfants ayant re & ccedil;u une culture sanguine positive & agrave; des esp & egrave;ces de Candida entre le 1er janvier 2007 et le 31 d & eacute;cembre 2018. Ils ont inclus dans l'analyse les caract & eacute;ristiques d & eacute;mographiques des patients, les facteurs de risque de candid & eacute;mie d & eacute;crits auparavant, les esp & egrave;ces de Candida, les examens de suivi, les interventions et les donn & eacute;es sur les r & eacute;sultats cliniques.R & eacute;sultats : Au total, les chercheurs ont relev & eacute; 61 & eacute;pisodes de candid & eacute;mie, pour une incidence globale de 5,1 cas sur 10 000 admissions de patients. Ils ont constat & eacute; que les esp & egrave;ces les plus fr & eacute;quentes (n = 66) & eacute;taient le Candida albicans (53%, n = 35), suivi du Candida parapsilosis (18%, n = 12) et du Candida glabrata (8%, n = 5), ainsi qu'une candid & eacute;mie mixte dans 8% des & eacute;pisodes (cinq sur 61). Les principaux facteurs de risque incluaient la pr & eacute;sence d'un cath & eacute;ter veineux central (95%, 58 cas sur 61) et l'administration d'antibiotiques dans les 30 jours pr & eacute;c & eacute;dents (92%, 56 cas sur 61). La majorit & eacute; des patients se sont soumis & agrave; une imagerie abdominale (89%, 54 sur 61), & agrave; une consultation en ophtalmologie (84%, 51 sur 61) et & agrave; un & eacute;chocardiogramme (70%, 43 sur 61), quel que soit leur & acirc;ge. Leur cath & eacute;ter a & eacute;t & eacute; retir & eacute; dans 81% des cas (47 cas sur 58). Les chercheurs ont constat & eacute; des manifestations d'infection fongique diss & eacute;min & eacute;e chez 11% des patients (six sur 54) & agrave; l'imagerie abdominale, soit chez aucun nouveau-n & eacute;, mais chez des patients pr & eacute;sentant des facteurs de risque comme une immunosuppression et des anomalies gastro-intestinales. Le taux de l & eacute;talit & eacute; global au bout de 30 jours s'& eacute;levait & agrave; 8% (cinq cas sur 61).Conclusions : Le C. albicans & eacute;tait l'esp & egrave;ce la plus souvent isol & eacute;e. C'est surtout l'imagerie abdominale qui a d & eacute;montr & eacute; la pr & eacute;sence d'une candidose diss & eacute;min & eacute;e, chez des patients ayant des facteurs de risque pertinents, y compris une immunosuppression et des anomalies gastro-intestinales.
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页码:29 / 39
页数:11
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