Three-dimensional (3D) food printing is an emerging technology that has transformed the food industry by enabling the creation of nutrition-enriched and texture-modified foods. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of 3D food printing, focusing on its applications in producing foods with enhanced nutritional content and tailored textures. Various types of nutrition-enriched foods and texture-modified foods, including soft foods for individuals with swallowing issues, were discussed. The challenges associated with 3D food printing were examined, including texture consistency and consumer acceptance. Finally, this review explores the potential applications of 3D food printing in various sectors, including healthcare, space exploration, and sustainable food production. This review highlights the vast opportunities and challenges of 3D food printing, providing insights for future research and development in this exciting field.