【 Objective】 This study aims to investigate the effects of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) addition on soil water-stable aggregates and soil organic carbon (SOC) distribution in moso bamboo forest in subtropical China, and reveal the response of soil SOC in bamboo forest to N and P addition, providing data support for carbon sequestration and sink enhancement in bamboo forest under N deposition background.【Method】In this study, NH4NO3 was used as N source, NaH2PO4 was used as P source and 4 treatments (CK: 0 kg·hm-2a-1N+0 kg·hm-2a-1P, N: 120 kg·hm-2a-1N, P: 120 kg·hm-2a-1P, NP: 120 kg·hm-2a-1N+ 120 kg·hm-2a-1P) were set. After N and P addition for 3 years, changes of different particle size (>2, 0.25-2, 0.053-0.25, and 0.25 mm), and the content of macro-aggregates decreased with the increase of soil depth, while the content of micro-aggregates ( © 2024 Chinese Society of Forestry. All rights reserved.