INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL AND SAFETY ASSESSMENT OF SELECTED MECHANICAL ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS.

THE REPORT EXAMINES ADVANCED ENERGY STORAGE TECHNOLOGIES FROM AN ENVIRONMENTAL POINT OF VIEW. THE PROJECT DESCRIBED EVALUATES THE SAFETY, SOCIO-ECONOMIC, AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTSOF COMPRESSED-AIR ENERGY STORAGE (CAES) AND UNDERGROUND PUMPED HYDRO (UPH) TECHNOLOGIES. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS REPORT IS TO ASSESS THE IMPACT OF SITING - CAES IN HARD ROCK, DISSOLVED SALT FORMATIONS, AND CONFINED AQUIFERS, AND UPH IN HARD ROCK. THE REPORT PROVIDES A REVIEW OF THE EFFECT OF THESE TWO ADVANCED ENERGY STORAGE TECHNOLOGIES ON THE SOCIO-ECONOMICAND PHYSICAL FACTORS OF SITING, AIR QUALITY, AQUATIC AND TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY, AND SAFETY. THE REPORT INCLUDES A METHODOLOGY FOR SITING CAES AND UPH AND DESCRIBES MEANS TO AVOID ORMITIGATE EVENTUAL ADVERSE IMPACTS THROUGH ENGINEERING DESIGN OR SITING APPROACHES.