SILO FAILURES: LESSONS TO BE LEARNED.

Each year an alarming number of silos, bins and hoppers fail due to bad design, poor construction or improper use. In addition to being dangerous, the failure of a silo carries a high economic cost. This article presents some case histories, and remarks on how these problems can be avoided. Subjects covered include steel and concrete grain storage structures, ore concentrate bins, train load-out silo, and others.