Transient biomass-SOFC-energy storage hybrid system for microgrids peak shaving based on optimized regulation strategy

To address the issues of energy supply instability and peak-shaving in remote microgrids, this paper proposes a biomass-SOFC (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell) -energy storage hybrid system to meet the power demands of the microgrids. Additionally, it integrates the long short-term memory (LSTM) prediction algorithm for peak shaving in the microgrids. Firstly, transient models of biomass gasifier and SOFC and the vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) model are established, and the experimental results are used to verify the models. Subsequently, the dynamic responses and sensitivity analysis of the biomass gasification process and the internal temperature field of the SOFC are investigated. Next, an analysis is conducted of the differences in VRFB parameters obtained based on the forecasted load and the real load. Finally, the ultimate peak regulation strategy is determined, and the VRFB parameters are reasonably designed. The research results indicate that, following optimization, the designed capacity and maximum power of the VRFB are 6.7 MWh and 1.5 MW, respectively. This result represents a reduction of 23 % and 11.76 % compared to the values before optimization, leading to a total investment decrease of 26.21 % for the energy storage system. In addition, the annual profit from the peak shaving operation of the system is 189,879 dollars.