One-Step Carbonization Synthesis of N, S Co-Doped Carbon Materials Derived from Agricultural Waste Peanut Shells for High-Performance Symmetric Supercapacitors

Biomass carbon has the advantages of wide source, low cost and environmental protection, and has been widely used in the field of electrochemical energy storage. In this work, N and S co-doped carbon materials were prepared by using peanut shell as carbon source and thiourea as activator. When the peanut shell and activator were 2 g and 4 g, respectively, the prepared NSPC-4 had the largest specific surface area and special pore structure. Elemental analysis showed that the activator introduced more N, S and O atoms to the carbon material, and more heteroatoms helped to improve the surface structure of the carbon material and provide additional pseudocapacitance. In addition, NSPC-4 contains a short-range ordered graphite structure, which can provide excellent electrical conductivity. The electrochemical test results show that NSPC-4 has the largest specific capacitance. When the mass of the activator is higher than or below 4 g, the electrochemical performance of the carbon material will be reduced. The symmetric supercapacitor (SSC) assembled by NSPC-4 has an energy density of 8.3 Wh kg-1 when the power density is 350 W kg-1. The synthesis method is not only simple, green and economical, but also has important application value.