Multi-field coupling analysis of photovoltaic cells under long distance and multi-mode laser transmission

Most electronic devices are powered by electricity, and the transfer of energy to related electronic devices is a critical issue. Laser wireless power transmission (LWPT) has a broad prospect in the field of wireless energy transmission, such as distributed charging system (DLC), spacecraft sensor network, satellite-to-satellite communication and medium and long distance power transmission, ground to unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), and so on. In this paper, a multi-field coupled model of LWPT system for laser transmission at medium and long distances is established. Through the existing LWPT experimental platform and test, the test obtained the correlation coefficient of the I-V relationship formula with the change of light intensity and temperature. On the basis of the modified parameters, the attenuation efficiency of laser power with transmission distance is calculated, and the heat transfer and electrical characteristics of photovoltaic cells are solved by finite element method. It is found that different atmospheric environment and laser transmission distance have obvious effects on the voltage, current and temperature variation of photovoltaic cells. The temperature of a photovoltaic cell has a huge impact on its output efficiency. The temperature can be controlled effectively by setting the laser interval of pulse mode reasonably. The cooling capacity of photovoltaic cells is the key to improve the electrical conversion efficiency of LWPT systems.