Source Altitude of Energetic In-Cloud Pulses Inside Thunderstorms and Implication for the Intrinsic Brightness of Terrestrial Gamma-Ray Flashes

被引：0

作者：

Lyu, Fanchao ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Qin, Zilong ^{[4
]}

Cummer, Steven A. ^{[5
]}

Zheng, Yu ^{[1
]}

Jiang, Sulin ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Zheng, Tianxue ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Liu, Yan ^{[1
]}

Xu, Wei ^{[6
]}

Lyu, Weitao ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

机构：

[1] Nanjing Joint Inst Atmospher Sci, Key Lab Transportat Meteorol, China Meteorol Adm, Nanjing, Peoples R China

[2] Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, State Key Lab Severe Weather, Beijing, Peoples R China

[3] Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, CMA Key Lab Lightning, Beijing, Peoples R China

[4] Shenzhen Inst Meteorol Innovat, Guangdong Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area Weather, Shenzhen, Peoples R China

[5] Duke Univ, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, Durham, NC 27708 USA

[6] Wuhan Univ, Elect Informat Sch, Wuhan, Peoples R China

来源：

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS | 2024年 / 51卷 / 20期

基金：

中国国家自然科学基金;

关键词：

lightning; terrestrial gamma-ray flashes; energetic in-cloud pulses; source altitude; INTRACLOUD LIGHTNING DISCHARGES; RADIO EMISSIONS;

D O I：

10.1029/2024GL110598

中图分类号：

P [天文学、地球科学];

学科分类号：

07 ;

摘要：

Upward Terrestrial Gamma-Ray Flashes (TGFs) are mainly produced during the upward propagating negative leaders inside thunderclouds. The exact source position of TGFs, which is crucial to understanding TGF source properties, is still unclear. The link between positive energetic in-cloud pulses (+EIPs) and TGFs provides us with a potential target to aim at. In this study, the low-frequency radio emissions of 75 +EIPs are analyzed to retrieve the source altitudes with an improved ray theory model. Furthermore, the meteorology contexts of +EIPs derived from the ground-based weather radars and satellite-based infrared cloud top temperature measurements are investigated. +EIPs are produced at 8.8-13.7 km, with an average of 11.3 km inside thunderclouds, and at an average of similar to 2.5 km below cloud tops. These altitudes indicate that a total number of 1.7 x 1016 to 2.6 x 1018 gamma ray photons with energy greater than 1 MeV are required for an EIP-TGF to be measured by spaceborne detectors.

引用

页数：10

共 25 条

[21] Energetic Radio Emissions and Possible Terrestrial Gamma-Ray Flashes Associated With Downward Propagating Negative Leaders
Lyu, Fanchao
Cummer, Steven A.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2018, 45 (19) : 10764 - 10771
[22] Terrestrial gamma-ray flashes and neutron pulses from direct simulations of gigantic upward atmospheric discharge
Babich, L. P.
Kudryavtsev, A. Yu.
Kudryavtseva, M. L.
Kutsyk, I. M.
JETP LETTERS, 2007, 85 (10) : 483 - 487
[23] Analysis of ELF electromagnetic field pulses recorded by the Hylaty station coinciding with terrestrial gamma-ray flashes
Kulak, A.
Mlynarczyk, J.
Ostrowski, M.
Kubisz, J.
Michalec, A.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 2012, 117
[24] Terrestrial gamma-ray flashes and neutron pulses from direct simulations of gigantic upward atmospheric discharge
L. P. Babich
A. Yu. Kudryavtsev
M. L. Kudryavtseva
I. M. Kutsyk
JETP Letters, 2007, 85 : 483 - 487
[25] Estimate of the source parameters of terrestrial gamma-ray flashes observed at low-Earth-orbit satellites
Surkov, Vadim
Pilipenko, Vyacheslav
JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS, 2022, 237

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