Experimental study of tsunami-bores impact on the elastic emerged plate

The study aimed to understand the impact of tsunami bores on plates of different stiffness and thicknesses. To achieve this, two-dimensional experiments were conducted under three-wave conditions. Data on the force exerted on the plate, surface elevation, and plate deformation were collected. The Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technique was adopted to measure velocity fields under the Fr = 1.62 condition. The flow field evolution for three types of materials showed that the stronger bore wave reflection from the stiffer plate resulted in a greater reduction of the velocity field. However, once the surface elevation stabilized at a consistent depth, only minor differences in the flow field were observed among the three types of plates. Comparing the time histories of surface elevation, x-direction displacement (D), and the acting force on the plate revealed that the maximum force occurred after the surface elevation approached its maximum, with the maximum displacement in the xdirection occurring last. The discrepancy in force magnitude occurred when a larger x-displacement resulted in different surface elevation in front of the plate. The detailed flow hydrodynamics and motion of the elastic plate can be obtained and analyzed, and the newly measured data can be used to validate numerical models.