Breeding value of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) from the Kllodzko Forest District (SW Poland)

This is the first report on measurements and observations of an experimental plot of 35-year-old Norway spruce, established in 1970 by the Institute of Dendrology at Ko´rnik, where progenies of 22 plus trees from the Klodzko Forest District were planted. The experiment was established in an incomplete block design of 20 families with 3 replications. Survival rate and growth traits determining productivity (plant height or basal area - stem cross-sectional area at breast height per 1 ha) were assessed in several years, and qualitative traits (trunk straightness; degree of natural pruning; thickness, length and angle of branches; crown density; presence of galls caused by the aphids Adelges laricis Vail, and Sacchiphantes viridis Ratz.) were evaluated once in 2001. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences between the half-sib families in survival rate and productivity but no significant differences in qualitative traits. Statistically significant positive correlations were found between trunk straightness at the age of 36 years and height of 2-year-old seedlings in the nursery, and between the degree of natural pruning at the age of 36 years and both tree height at the age of 9 years and basal area at the age of 13 years.