An optimal trade-off power saving scheme between coverage and connection problem for WSNs

It is well known that connectivity and coverage are the important elements in the Wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In order to make a complete WSNs, scholars have begun to study how to use connected sensors to cover the designate area, but their proposed methods focused on 2D ideal plane or 3D full space, however, the actual terrain is rugged and uneven. It means that their proposed method may not suitable for a real environment. In addition, most of studies only consider single target that many researchers separated the connectivity problem and coverage problem. However, those two problems have very close relationship, so they must be considered in a same time, otherwise, the results may fall into a local optimum. For instance, several researches presented that use of transmission range adjustment to reduce redundant coverage so that they miss many chance to pass the message by shortest path since the many neighbors cannot be covered when coverage is decreased. Therefore, we use Spline function to shape the irregular FoI (Field of Interest) as well as use feature of convex hull of Spline function to ensure the full coverage and then design a shorter transmission path algorithm according to the coverage pattern to reduce network latency and energy consumption. The simulation results show that the proposed method indeed taking into account coverage and connection problem so that it certainty suitable for real WSNs environment.