P lastics are used extensively in various industries, including clothing, cosmetics,tires, containers, and more. If the rate of current production of plastics continues,by 2050, plastic manufacturing and processing will account for 20[%] of petroleumconsumed globally and 15[%] of the annual carbon emissions. Unfortunately, theenvironmental impact of plastics from cradle to grave is quite high due to their energy-intensive manufacturing processes and their inability to easily biodegrade.