Glycoscience data content in the NCBI Glycans and PubChem

Studying glycans and their functions in the body aids in the understanding of disease mechanisms and developing new treatments. This necessitates resources that provide comprehensive glycan data integrated with relevant information from other scientific fields such as genomics, genetics, proteomics, metabolomics, and chemistry. The present paper describes two resources at the U.S. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), the NCBI Glycans and PubChem, which provide glycan-related information useful for the glycoscience research community. The NCBI Glycans (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/glycans/) is a dedicated website for glycobiology data content at NCBI and provides quick access to glycan-related information scattered across multiple NCBI databases as well as other information resources external to NCBI. Importantly, the NCBI Glycans hosts the official web page for the symbol nomenclature for glycans (SNFG), which is the standard graphical representation of glycan structures recommended for scientific publication. On the other hand, PubChem (https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) is a research-focused, large-scale public chemical database, containing a substantial number of glycan-containing records and is integrated with important glycoscience resources like GlyTouCan, GlyCosmos, and GlyGen. PubChem organizes glycan-related information within multiple data collections (i.e., Substance, Compound, Protein, Gene, Pathway, and Taxonomy) and provides various tools and services that allow users to access them both interactively through a web browser and programmatically through a REST-ful interface, including PUG-View. The NCBI Glycans and PubChem highlight glycan-related data and improve their accessibility, helping scientists exploit these data in their research.