Study on the properties, by-products, and nitrogen migration mechanism of the co-pyrolysis of oil shale and waste tyres

In order to increase the quality and yield of oil from OS pyrolysis and decrease WT pollution, the effects of different amounts of waste tyres (WT) and oil shale (OS) (1:0; 3:1; 1:1; 1:3; 0:1) on co-pyrolysis weightlessness behavior, mutual synergy, and by-products were examined in a thermogravimetric analyzer and tube furnace. The outcomes demonstrated the synergistic effects of co-pyrolyzing OS and WT. Incorporating WT co-pyrolysis can lower the initial pyrolysis temperature and residual mass while increasing the rate of OS release during the devolatilization stage. The primary gaseous products and functional groups from the pyrolysis of the OS and WT were C=C, =C, C=O, =O, H2O, 2 O, and CO2 & sdot;NH3, 2 & sdot; NH 3 , SO2, 2 , and H2S 2 S concentrations increased during co-pyrolysis as the fraction of WT grew, whereas HCN concentration fell. The addition of WT to OS pyrolysis could decrease the conversion of raw nitrogen into pyrolysis N volatiles, impede the decomposition of amine nitrogen, and accelerate the breakdown of sulfate in pyrolysis coke. It was clear that the pace at which raw nitrogen was converted into pyrolytic N volatiles was slowed down by the rising percentage of WT. Hydrocarbons made up the majority of the organic matter in WT pyrolysis products, whereas fatty carbon chains made up the majority of OS pyrolysis organic matter. WT's presence appeared to facilitate OS breakdown, as seen by the rise in aliphatic hydrocarbons during the co-pyrolysis of OS and WT. Enhancing the pyrolysis characteristics and quality of shale oil was a major benefit of co-pyrolysis.