Exploring the impact of a digital health tool on patients' interaction with community pharmacists: A pilot randomized controlled study

Background: The use of digital Patient- Reported Outcomes (PRO) tools has been shown to enhance the exchange of information and shared decision-making in medical encounters. However, their influence on patient-pharmacist interactions has not yet been explored. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the impact of RxTalk (TM), a digital PRO tool, in supporting the communication between patients and pharmacists compared to usual care. Methods: Intervention: RxTalk (TM) was developed to collect information about medication adherence and beliefs, using a tablet computer. Study design: A pilot randomized controlled study was conducted at a community pharmacy in Wisconsin, USA. Sixty patients were randomized to either the intervention group who used RxTalk (TM) during medication pick-up or the control group who did not use the tool. Patients who used RxTalk (TM) received paper copies of their responses which were also shared with pharmacists. The consultation was audio-recorded for both groups and coded using the Active Patient Participation Coding scale. Follow-up phone interviews were conducted with both groups within one week of enrollment. Results: Patient tapes were analyzed. In the unadjusted model, patients in the intervention group had a higher active participation rate (p = 0.004) and raised significantly more concerns during consultations (p < 0.001) compared to the control group. Pharmacists asked twice as many questions while counseling patients in the intervention group compared to the control group (p < 0.001). After controlling for patients' demographics and pharmacists' questions, there was a statistical difference between the two patient groups in their odds of expressing at least one concern utterance. Conclusion: This pilot study suggests that collecting PRO from patients with chronic illnesses and providing results to pharmacists and patients can help patients express their health and medication concerns. RxTalk (TM) would be useful for pharmacists who wish to improve the recognition and management of medication-related problems.