Occurrence and environmental risk assessment of pharmaceuticals in the Mondego river (Portugal)

被引:1
|
作者
Koetke, Danijela [1 ]
Gandrass, Juergen [1 ]
Bento, Celia P. M. [1 ,5 ]
Ferreira, Carla S. S. [2 ,3 ,4 ]
Ferreira, Antonio J. D. [2 ]
机构
[1] Helmholtz Zentrum Hereon, Inst Coastal Environm Chem, Organ Environm Chem, D-21502 Geesthacht, Germany
[2] Polytech Inst Coimbra, Res Ctr Nat Resources Environm & Soc CERNAS, Agr Tech Sch, P-3040316 Coimbra, Portugal
[3] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys Geog, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
[4] Stockholm Univ, Bolin Ctr Climate Res, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
[5] Wageningen UR, Wageningen Environm Res, NL-6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands
关键词
Pharmaceuticals; UHPLC-MS/MS; Environmental risk assessment; Freshwater; Saltwater; Mondego river; Portugal; PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; RAY CONTRAST-MEDIA; WASTE-WATER; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT; MARINE-ENVIRONMENT; SURFACE WATERS; HUMAN HEALTH; REMOVAL; RESIDUES; LOAD;
D O I
10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34825
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
In this case study pharmaceuticals were analysed in the Mondego river (Portugal) and their environmental risk assessed by means of risk quotients based on an extensive retrieval of ecotoxicological data for freshwater and saltwater species. The Mondego river crosses Coimbra, the most populated city in the Portuguese Centro Region hosting a complex of regional hospitals. Environmentally relevant and prioritised pharmaceuticals were investigated in this study and their potential hazards were evaluated by conducting a separate risk assessment for the freshwater and estuary parts of the examined river section. A target analysis approach with method detection limits down to 0.01 ng L-1 was used to determine pharmaceuticals. Twenty-one prioritised target analytes out of seven therapeutical classes (antibiotics, iodinated X-ray contrast media (ICM), analgesics, lipid reducers, antiepileptics, anticonvulsants, beta-blockers) were investigated by applying ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography coupled to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionisation source. The relative pattern of pharmaceuticals along the middle to the lower Mondego showed a quite uniform picture while an approximately 40fold increase of absolute concentrations was observed downstream of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) discharge of Coimbra. The most frequently measured substance groups were the ICM, represented by the non-ionic ICM iopromide (beta(min): 3.03 ng L-1 - beta(max): 2,810 ng L-1). Environmentally more critical substances such as carbamazepine, diclofenac, and bezafibrate, with concentrations up to and 52.6 ng L-1, 59.8 ng L-1, and 10.2 ng L-1 respectively, may potentially affect aquatic wildlife. Carbamazepine revealed elevated risk quotients (RQs >1) along the middle and lower Mondego with a maximum RQ of 53 downstream of Coimbra. Especially for saltwater species, carbamazepine and clarithromycin pose high potential risks. Especially in periods of low water discharge of the Mondego river, other pharmaceuticals as diclofenac and bezafibrate may pose additional risks downstream of the WWTP.
引用
收藏
页数:11
相关论文
共 50 条
  • [41] Occurrence, removal and environmental risk assessment of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in rural wastewater treatment wetlands
    Chen, Yi
    Vymazal, Jan
    Brezinova, Tereza
    Kozeluh, Milan
    Kule, Lumir
    Huang, Jingang
    Chen, Zhongbing
    SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT, 2016, 566 : 1660 - 1669
  • [42] Characterization of Maritime Storms and Analysis of their Effect on the Beaches South of the Mondego River (Portugal)
    Santos, Maria Ines
    Oliveira, Filipa S. B. F.
    Trigo-Teixeira, Antonio
    JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH, 2018, : 266 - 270
  • [43] Occurrence and environmental risk assessment of PAEs in Weihe River near Xi'an City, China
    Guo, Xiaofeng
    Wang, Lei
    Wang, Xudong
    Liu, Hanli
    WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 2013, 67 (05) : 948 - 958
  • [44] Occurrence and risk assessment of pharmaceuticals in hospital wastewater in Costa Rica
    Rodríguez-Rodríguez C.E.
    Ramírez-Morales D.
    Masis-Mora M.
    Montiel-Mora J.R.
    Soto-Garita C.
    Araya-Valverde E.
    Cambronero-Heinrichs J.C.
    Sànchez-Melsió A.
    Briceño-Guevara S.
    Mendez-Rivera M.
    Balcázar J.L.
    Chemosphere, 2023, 339
  • [45] Occurrence, distribution, and ecological risk assessment of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the surface water of Lipu River, China
    Zhang, Yanan
    Huang, Guibin
    Zhang, Qin
    Bi, Xiaoqian
    Chu, Hang
    Liu, Zixuan
    Luo, Jun
    Bai, Shaoyuan
    Mo, Shengpeng
    Wang, Hui
    Fu, Mingming
    ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH, 2024, 252
  • [46] Occurrence and ecotoxicological assessment of pharmaceuticals: Is there a risk for the Mediterranean aquatic environment?
    Desbiolles, Fanny
    Malleret, Laure
    Tiliacos, Christophe
    Wong-Wah-Chung, Pascal
    Laffont-Schwob, Isabelle
    SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT, 2018, 639 : 1334 - 1348
  • [47] Assessment of the geological heritage of Cape Mondego Natural Monument (Central Portugal)
    Rocha, Joao
    Brilha, Jose
    Henriques, Maria Helena
    PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGISTS ASSOCIATION, 2014, 125 (01) : 107 - 113
  • [48] NANOPHARMACEUTICALS: TINY CHALLENGES FOR THE ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT OF PHARMACEUTICALS
    Berkner, Silvia
    Schwirn, Kathrin
    Voelker, Doris
    ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY, 2016, 35 (04) : 780 - 787
  • [49] The testing approach for the Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) of pharmaceuticals
    Conto, Antonio
    CHIMICA OGGI-CHEMISTRY TODAY, 2012, 30 (03) : 48 - 52
  • [50] Drugs of abuse and their metabolites in river sediments: Analysis, occurrence in four Spanish river basins and environmental risk assessment
    Lopez-Garcia, Ester
    Mastroianni, Nicola
    Ponsa-Borau, Nuria
    Barcelo, Damia
    Postigo, Cristina
    Lopez de Alda, Miren
    JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS, 2021, 401