Clinical application of mindfulness in end-of-life care from the perspective of palliative care professionals: A phenomenological study

Background: and Purpose: With mindfulness being increasingly recognized for its potential to address psychological challenges related to advanced or terminal illnesses, palliative care professionals are incorporating mindfulness-based interventions into their practice. However, there is limited understanding of the practical applications of mindfulness in clinical settings, particularly for end-of-life patients. This study explored palliative care professionals' experiences in delivering mindfulness-based therapy to end-of-life patients, thereby aiming to inform the development of effective interventions. Materials and methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 palliative care professionals. Participants were asked to describe their memorable experiences in applying mindfulness in a clinical setting. Data were analyzed following Moustakas's transcendental phenomenology approach. Results: The interviews produced three themes: clinicians' mindfulness experiences form the cornerstone of their clinical application of mindfulness; creating an optimal healing environment is essential for mindfulness practice; and patient-centric mindfulness guidance should be implemented. Conclusion: This study underscores the critical role of mindfulness in end-of-life care, highlighting its integration into daily life by palliative care professionals. By drawing upon their own mindfulness experiences, palliative care professionals facilitated a therapeutic environment tailored to the unique needs of end-of-life patients. This patient-centered approach not only enhanced the quality of care but also fostered a healing connection rooted in compassion and empathy. The findings advocate for further education and development of mindfulness-based interventions, including group therapies, to support the holistic well-being of patients in collectivist cultures. Future research should further explore the practical applications and benefits of mindfulness in end-of-life care settings.