The Effect of Coaches' Interpersonal Style Profiles on Young Athletes' Motivation and Sport Commitment

The objective of this study was to identify both the latent profiles of coaching styles based on athletes' perceptions and their subsequent associations with athletes' motivation and sport commitment. The sample comprised young athletes from various sports types. Participants provided self-reports of their perceptions of their coaches' behaviors, and their sport commitment and sport motivation. Cluster analyses revealed three coaching style profiles: Cluster 1 were coaches with a "low coaching style," including those who lacked an autonomy-supportive and those with a low controlling coaching style. Cluster 2 was labeled "Supportive coaching style" and represented coaches who were more apt to be autonomy-supportive and less controlling. Cluster 3 was a "Controlling coaching style" and included coaches who demonstrated a low autonomy-supportive and a high controlling style. Compared with athletes in Cluster 3, athletes in Clusters 1 and 2 reported higher levels of adaptive motivation and commitment variables. Thus, youth athletes perceived three clusters of coaching styles (Low coaching style, Supportive coaching style, and Controlling coaching style), and these profiles were associated with varying levels of athletes' motivation and commitment to sport.