Microwave-assisted pyrolysis of industrial biomass waste: Insights into kinetic, characteristics and intrinsic mechanisms

Microwave-assisted pyrolysis is the preferred technology for enhancing the production of fuels and valuable chemicals. Therefore, pyrolysis experiments of furfural residue (FR) were performed using microwave equipment without microwave-absorbing additives. Further, to explore the interactions and intrinsic mechanisms of biomass components, thermogravimetric (TG), kinetic calculation, Py-GC/MS and TG-MS were also employed. Results showed that the temperatures and catalysts both affect the yields and compositions of products. Moreover, kinetic calculations showed a high-level consistency between FR pyrolysis and P3 mechanism. The product analysis also helps in the resolution of pyrolysis mechanism. For example, crystal substances in biochar were mainly SiO2, 2 , K2SO4, 2 SO 4 , KAlSi3O8, 3 O 8 , and K2SO4 2 SO 4 enhanced the reaction degree of biomass. While for bio-oil, the yield reached maximum ( 25 wt%) at 550 degrees C. The pH of bio-oil was acidic (2-4.3), and the main product in bio-oil was phenols, which was found the highest (84.63 %) at 700 degrees C. Interestingly, the interaction of cellulose and lignin promoted light hydrocarbon production. This research unveils innovative perspectives on the intrinsic mechanisms underlying microwave-assisted pyrolysis of biomass, which provides guidance for optimization of the microwave-assisted pyrolysis technology.