Reprocessable carbon fiber vitrimer composites: Reclamation and reformatting of carbon fibers for second generation composite materials

Carbon fibers (CFs) are experiencing a growing demand owing to their low specific weight, exceptional mechanical properties, superior temperature, and corrosion resistance, however, their sustainability and energy consumption during manufacturing is still a challenge. Therefore, reclamation of waste CFs and their reformatting has gained significant attention. Herein, we synthesized a chemically degradable vitrimer matrix by curing bisphenol-A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) with 2-aminophenyl disulfide (2-AFD) and further utilized the matrix for the development of CF reinforced composites (CFRCs) through vacuum-assisted resin infusion molding (VARIM) process. The obtained vitrimeric system and its composites show excellent mechanical, self-adhering, shape-memory, and reprocessing properties. Meanwhile, the developed CFRP vitrimer composites can be rapidly dissolved in thiol solvent (1-octanethiol), resulting in the efficient recycling of CFs. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy validate that the chemical structure of the recycled fibers closely resembles the structure of the original CFs. The recycled CFs were further used to prepare second generation composite materials with excellent thermal, dynamic, and mechanical properties for nonstructural applications (e.g., sports, automotive, etc.). Thus, with an effective CF recycling method, this study can assist in preparing reliable, long-term functional, recyclable, and high-performance composites. Reclamable and reformattable carbon fibers reinforced self-healable vitrimer composites are developed, where the composites demonstrate excellent shape memory and self-adherable properties. In addition, the carbon fibers can be recovered in economic way and the recovered fibers are useful to prepare second generation composite materials, designed for nonstructural applications (e.g., sports, automotive, etc.). image