Screening and Surveillance of Colorectal Cancer: A Review of the Literature

被引:0
|
作者
Maida, Marcello [1 ]
Dahiya, Dushyant Singh [2 ]
Shah, Yash R. [3 ]
Tiwari, Angad [4 ]
Gopakumar, Harishankar [5 ]
Vohra, Ishaan [5 ]
Khan, Aqsa [6 ]
Jaber, Fouad [7 ]
Ramai, Daryl [8 ]
Facciorusso, Antonio [9 ]
机构
[1] Univ Enna Kore, Dept Med & Surg, I-94100 Enna, Italy
[2] Univ Kansas, Sch Med, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol & Motil, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA
[3] Wayne State Univ, Dept Internal Med, Trinity Hlth Oakland, Pontiac, MI 48341 USA
[4] Maharani Laxmi Bai Med Coll, Dept Internal Med, Jhansi 284001, India
[5] Univ Illinois, Coll Med Peoria, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Peoria, IL 61605 USA
[6] Parkview Hlth, Dept Internal Med, Ft Wayne, IN 46805 USA
[7] Univ Missouri Kansas City, Dept Internal Med, Kansas City, KS 64110 USA
[8] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA
[9] Foggia Univ Hosp, Dept Biomed Sci, Gastroenterol Unit, I-71122 Foggia, Italy
关键词
colon cancer; screening; colonoscopy; surveillance; FECAL OCCULT-BLOOD; SOCIETY-TASK-FORCE; POST-POLYPECTOMY SURVEILLANCE; CT COLONOGRAPHY; ULCERATIVE-COLITIS; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; AMERICAN-COLLEGE; FAMILY-HISTORY; COLONOSCOPY SURVEILLANCE; CLINICAL GUIDELINES;
D O I
10.3390/cancers16152746
中图分类号
R73 [肿瘤学];
学科分类号
100214 ;
摘要
Simple Summary Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant health issue, being the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Most CRC cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage, especially in symptomatic patients, highlighting the need for effective early detection methods. While CRC is more prevalent in developed countries, its impact is felt globally and is influenced by factors such as diet, environment, and genetics. This study aims to review existing research on the effectiveness of various CRC screening methods. Early detection through screening significantly improves survival rates, making it crucial for better health outcomes. The review evaluates different screening tools and their cost-effectiveness and identifies populations that would benefit most from targeted screening. By improving screening strategies, the study aims to enhance early diagnosis and reduce CRC mortality rates, ultimately improving patient prognosis and quality of life.Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) has the highest mortality rate among men and is the second highest among women under fifty, with incidence and mortality rates rising in younger populations. Studies indicate that up to one-third of patients diagnosed before fifty have a family history or genetic factors, highlighting the need for earlier screening. Contrariwise, diagnosis in healthy subjects through screening strategies enables early-stage detection of the tumor and better clinical outcomes. In recent years, mortality rates of CRC in Western countries have been on a steady decline, which is largely attributed to widespread screening programs and advancements in treatment modalities. Indeed, early detection through screening significantly improves prognosis, with stark differences in survival rates between localized and metastatic disease. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of the existing literature, delving into the performance and efficacy of various CRC screening strategies. It navigates through available screening tools, evaluating their efficacy and cost-effectiveness. The discussion extends to delineating target populations for screening, emphasizing the importance of tailored approaches for individuals at heightened risk.
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页数:22
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