Effects of closed kinetic chain exercises on balance and gait in people with multiple sclerosis: A randomized controlled trial

Introduction: Balance and gait impairments are among the most common consequences of multiple sclerosis (MS). A closed kinetic chain enhances balance and gait abilities in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). This study aims to compare the effectiveness of an integrated Telko and conventional physical therapy (CPT) intervention versus CPT alone on gait and balance in PwMS. Methods: Twenty-six PwMS were enrolled in the trial, and they were randomized to either the combined Telko and CPT experimental group (n = 13) or the CPT alone control group (n = 13). All participants underwent 15min sessions of CPT three times a week for four weeks. Additionally, participants in the experimental group received a 15 -min Telko training session after each CPT session. Outcome measures consisted of the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), the 6 -Minute Walk Test (6MWT), and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) assessment. Results: Twenty-four PwMS completed the study. The PwMS in the combined Telko and CPT experimental group exhibited significant improvements in balance, functional capacity, gait speed, and mobility following the intervention (P < 0.05). In the CPT group, PwMS also experienced significant improvements in functional capacity (P < 0.05). The between -group analysis revealed no significant differences among the outcome measures (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The combined Telko and CPT intervention did not demonstrate superiority over CPT alone in improving balance and gait in PwMS. Further experimental studies are necessary to fully understand the effects of a closed kinetic chain for lower extremities on the balance and gait of individuals with PwMS.