Prevalence of osteoarthritis in Nawab Shah, Pakistan: A cross-sectional study

Objective: To determine the prevalence of osteoarthritis and its relationships to dietary practices, socioeconomic position, demographic traits, and educational attainment at Peoples Medical Hospital, Nawabshah. Methodology: A total of 480 individuals were included in this cross-sectional study. Eligible participants were individuals aged 18-85 years of both genders and residing in Nawab Shah. Individuals with severe illness were excluded. The demographic information, education level, socioeconomic status, and eating habits were recorded. Chi-square tests were used for the analysis of the results. Results: Participants in the study area had an 18.13% (n=87) prevalence of osteoarthritis. The prevalence was higher in rural regions (70.11%) than in urban regions (29.89%). Osteoarthritis prevalence was significantly correlated (p=0.003) with age and socioeconomic status (p=0.004). There was a significant correlation between poor nutrition and a decreased intake of milk with osteoarthritis. Conclusion: Prevalence of osteoarthritis was 18.13% in Nawab Shah, with higher rates in rural areas (70.11%). While age and socioeconomic status showed correlations, caution is needed in generalizing gender and dietary impacts.