The erosion of rationality in high vulnerability conditions: A cognitive-disruption perspective

被引:0
|
作者
Freling, Traci [1 ]
Saini, Ritesh [1 ]
Yang, Zhiyong [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Texas Arlington, Mkt, Arlington, TX USA
[2] Miami Univ, Farmer Sch Business, Mkt, Oxford, OH 45056 USA
关键词
anecdotal evidence; cognitive disruption; mindfulness; suboptimal decisions; vulnerability; d & eacute; cisions sous-optimales; perturbations cognitives; pleine conscience; preuves anecdotiques; vuln & eacute; rabilit & eacute; STATISTICAL EVIDENCE; CONSUMER RESPONSES; DECISION-MAKING; MINDFULNESS; INFORMATION; RISK; ANXIETY; CHOICE; AVAILABILITY; ALTERNATIVES;
D O I
10.1002/cjas.1767
中图分类号
F [经济];
学科分类号
02 ;
摘要
This research examines how a decision-maker's perceived vulnerability influences their susceptibility to the "anecdotal bias," a phenomenon where statistical evidence is disregarded in favor of anecdotal information. Across six studies, our research shows that high vulnerability aggravates the anecdotal bias instead of reducing it. Study 1 provides preliminary evidence that high vulnerability exacerbates the anecdotal bias among individuals seeking decision-relevant information in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Studies 2A and 2B demonstrate that high vulnerability intensifies the anecdotal bias in different decision contexts. Study 3 replicates these findings and identifies negative emotional arousal as a key mechanism underlying this effect. Study 4 examines the moderating role of personal relevance, showing that when individuals make decisions for others (vs. themselves), high vulnerability does not lead to the anecdotal bias. Moreover, it is cognitive disruption and intuitive thinking caused by negative emotional arousal that increases reliance on anecdotal (vs. statistical) information. Finally, Study 5 demonstrates the moderating effect of mindfulness meditation, highlighting its role as a preemptive safeguard against this biased behavior. Theoretical contributions and practical implications of these findings are discussed. Cette recherche examine comment la vuln & eacute;rabilit & eacute; per & ccedil;ue par un d & eacute;cideur influence sa susceptibilit & eacute; au << biais anecdotique >>, un ph & eacute;nom & egrave;ne dans lequel les preuves statistiques sont ignor & eacute;es au profit d'informations anecdotiques. & Agrave; travers six & eacute;tudes, nos recherches montrent qu'une grande vuln & eacute;rabilit & eacute; aggrave le biais anecdotique au lieu de le r & eacute;duire. L'& eacute;tude 1 fournit des preuves pr & eacute;liminaires selon lesquelles une vuln & eacute;rabilit & eacute; & eacute;lev & eacute;e exacerbe les pr & eacute;jug & eacute;s anecdotiques parmi les personnes recherchant des informations pertinentes pour prendre des d & eacute;cisions dans le contexte de la pand & eacute;mie de COVID-19. Les & eacute;tudes 2A et 2B d & eacute;montrent qu'une vuln & eacute;rabilit & eacute; & eacute;lev & eacute;e intensifie les biais anecdotiques dans diff & eacute;rents contextes d & eacute;cisionnels. L'& eacute;tude 3 reproduit ces r & eacute;sultats et identifie l'excitation & eacute;motionnelle n & eacute;gative comme un m & eacute;canisme cl & eacute; sous-jacent & agrave; cet effet. L'& eacute;tude 4 examine le r & ocirc;le mod & eacute;rateur de la pertinence personnelle, montrant que lorsque les individus prennent des d & eacute;cisions pour les autres (contre eux-m & ecirc;mes), une grande vuln & eacute;rabilit & eacute; n'entra & icirc;ne pas de biais anecdotique. De plus, ce sont les perturbations cognitives et la pens & eacute;e intuitive provoqu & eacute;es par une excitation & eacute;motionnelle n & eacute;gative qui accroissent le recours aux informations anecdotiques (plut & ocirc;t qu'aux informations statistiques). Enfin, l'& eacute;tude 5 d & eacute;montre l'effet mod & eacute;rateur de la m & eacute;ditation de pleine conscience, soulignant son r & ocirc;le de protection pr & eacute;ventive contre ce comportement biais & eacute;. Les contributions th & eacute;oriques et les implications pratiques de ces r & eacute;sultats sont discut & eacute;es.
引用
收藏
页码:577 / 598
页数:22
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