Effect and mechanism of Tricholoma matsutake extract combined with bakuchiol and ergothioneine on UVB-induced skin aging

Background: Aging is a physiological phenomenon in the process of life, and skin aging has a significant impact on human appearance. Therefore, the search for methods to delay skin aging is of great significance for improving the quality of human life. Materials and Methods: This study investigated the anti-photoaging effect of Tricholoma matsutake (T) extract composition combined with bakuchiol (B) and ergothioneine (E), and explored its potential mechanism through transcriptome, metabolomics, and network pharmacology. Results: 57 main chemical components are identified from the ethanol extract of T. matsutake (T), including D-carnitine (24.55%), alpha,alpha-trehalose (15.56%), DL malic acid (8.99%), D-(-)-quinic acid (7.46%), erucamide (7.04%) and so on. After TBE treatment, inflammation of the mice dorsal skin is significantly minimized. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and toluidine blue staining reveal that TBE has an anti-inflammatory effect on the back skin tissue of mice. Masson staining shows that TBE has a repair effect on mice dorsal skin tissue. In addition, the inflammatory factors (IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha) in the mice dorsal skin tissues are significantly reduced but collagen (COL-1) is significantly increased. By cellular immunofluorescence assay, TBE is shown to promote PPAR-alpha expression in cells. Transcriptomics, metabolomics, and network pharmacology have revealed that TBE can regulate exogenous stimuli and cancer-related signaling pathways to prevent skin aging. Conclusion: The results suggest that TBE can be a beneficial supplement to natural anti-aging.