A Simplified Seismic Environmental Performance Assessment Method and Its Application to Steel-Concrete Composite Moment Frames

Due to accelerated urbanization, the deterioration of aging buildings, and rapid climate change, the resilience and sustainability of buildings have gained paramount importance. Post-earthquake recovery often requires significant economic and downtime costs while also causing severe environmental impacts such as carbon emissions. Consequently, quantifying the seismic environmental impacts of buildings has garnered increasing attention as a vital step toward realizing resilient and sustainable buildings. This paper presents a rational simplified seismic environmental performance assessment method to meet this demand. Based on the seismic economic loss estimation method HAZUS, this paper utilizes the economic input-output life cycle assessment (EIO-LCA) database and the "repair cost ratio" assumption to convert existing seismic economic loss data into environmental impacts. The approach is then applied to a prototype 9-story steel-concrete composite (SCC) moment frame with square concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) columns and steel beams. For numerical analysis model construction using OpenSees, this paper employs both the traditional steel model Steel02 and the newly developed fiber element model CFSTmodel, with the latter being capable of capturing the local buckling effect of steel in CFST columns. By comparing the findings, the necessity of considering such local buckling effect in seismic environmental impact assessment is explored.