What enables the effects of transformative tourism experiences to persist? Insights from identity development theory

The effects of transformative tourism experiences (TTEs) are challenging to sustain. Existing studies lack a temporal perspective and fail to distinguish between TTEs' short- and long-term effects. This study, grounded in identity development theory, introduced an integrated model examining how self-reflection, eudaimonic tendencies, self-efficacy, and habits can sustain TTEs' influence. A survey of tourists who had experienced TTEs at least 66 days prior revealed significant positive relationships between these variables. Two serial and one single mediation paths were identified, suggesting that long-term transformation requires short-term shifts. This study provides insights into long-term self-growth and practical suggestions for destination management.