On the Shear Force Redistribution in Composite Steel and Concrete Beams with Web Openings

As far as research into the field of composite steel and concrete beams with web openings has shown, the initiation of a complex stress state due to the introduction of web openings is, unfortunately, inevitable. As a logical consequence, estimation of the resistance becomes complex as well. Aiming to provide a more convenient approach, especially for evaluation of the bending resistance to the Vierendeel effect with the presence of high shear forces, a marked simplification with respect to quantification of the shear force redistribution between T-sections is presented. This novel approach stands on strong fundamentals of experimental evidence and parametric finite element (FE) investigation. Concretely, within the experimental part of this investigation, the load response of four composite beam samples was recorded and profoundly analyzed. Subsequently, a detailed FE analysis in the software ANSYS 2024 R1 (ANSYS Inc., Canonsburg, PA, USA), exploiting its parametric design language (APDL), was conducted. Finally, concise data compilation and their comprehensible interpretation were enabled by employing the software MATLAB 2024a (The MathWorks, Inc., Natick, MA, USA). In view of this treatment, a cornerstone for successive assessment of the obtained data was laid. Attempting to identify the key factors influencing the shear force proportion between the tees, integration of the shear stresses along the vertical sections with regular spacing along the FE beam models was conducted. By virtue of this concept, not only the magnitudes of the shear forces for the tees were obtained but also the leading importance of the opening depth was demonstrated. Furthermore, a complete picture of the shear force behavior along the composite perforated beams was derived. On this basis, a novel method representing a simpler and more accurate form of estimation of the shear force proportion for T-sections was proposed.