The role of long-term video-EEG monitoring in the diagnosis of childhood epilepsies

Video electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring is a key tool for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of various epilepsy syndromes. Combining EEG with video monitoring allows clinicians to observe not only brain activity but also physical symptoms during the detected phenomenon, as well as the evolution of the seizure in real time, and helping to establish an accurate diagnosis and therapeutic approach. Advances in technology have significantly improved this investigation process, providing better image resolution, longer monitoring periods and improved analysis techniques. These developments have increased the sensitivity and specificity of EEG monitoring, leading to more accurate diagnoses and personalized treatment strategies for patients with epilepsy and other neurological disorders. The present review provides an overview of the importance of video -EEG in the diagnosis of childhood epilepsy syndromes, focusing on its role in differentiating epileptic from non -epileptic events and its significance in the preoperative investigation prior to neurosurgical interventions. We also detail the results and milestones of years of reallife experience with video -EEG monitoring in the investigation and management of neurological and neurosurgical pathologies in children, demonstrating its breakthrough contribution and importance in medicine.