Interoperability Solution for Blockchain-Based Internet of Vehicles Driven by Multiple Oracles

The increasing blockchain-based Internet of Vehicles (BIoV) networks attract attention, and there is little crosschain data interaction solution in this scenario yet. Due to the limited data amount and types, BIoV networks also require off-chain data to provide intelligent services and experiences. Nowadays, lots of surveys concentrate on cross-chain and on-off-chain interoperability for blockchains, while BIoV networks lack a secure and effective interoperability solution to satisfy both cross-chain and on-off-chain interoperability, where ensuring the authenticity of inter-chain semi-authentic data and off-chain inauthentic data is challenging. To solve these challenges, this paper proposes a BIoV interoperability solution driven by a multiple oracle network. Kinds of consensus algorithms implement the voting to ensure the authenticity of verified data against multiple malicious attacks. The voting is implemented by kinds of consensus algorithms to ensure the authenticity of verified data against multiple malicious attacks. Extensive experiments are conducted to prove the effectiveness of this solution in terms of transaction performance and resource occupancy.