Optimal design of fast adiabatic topological pumping in modulated lattices

Utilizing synthetic dimensions generated by spatial or temporal modulation, topological pumping enables the exploration of higher-dimensional topological phenomena through lower-dimensional physical systems. In this Letter, we propose a rational design paradigm of fast adiabatic topological pumping based on 1D and 2D time-modulated discrete elastic lattices. First, the realization of topological pumping is ensured by introducing quantitative indicators to drive a transition of the edge or corner state in the lattice spectrum. Meanwhile, with the help of limiting speed for adiabaticity to calculate the modulation time, a mathematical formulation of designing topological pumping with the fastest modulation speed is presented. By applying the proposed design paradigm, topological edge-bulk-edge and corner-bulk-corner energy transport are achieved with 11.2 and 4.0 times of improvement in modulation speed compared to classical pumping systems in the literature. In addition, applying to 1D and 2D space-modulated systems, the optimized modulation schemes can reduce the number of stacks to 5.3% and 26.8% of the classical systems while ensuring highly concentrated energy transport. This design paradigm is expected to be extended to the rational design of fast topological pumping in other physical fields.