Numerical Study of 2D Nanomaterial-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor

The extant work exhibits a unique design of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) which has been suggested for indications of different malarial disease stages. The device construction is founded on the Kretschmann configuration and consists of multiple layers, including BK7 prism, silver (Ag) metal layer, zinc oxide (ZnO), lead titanate (PbTiO3), and a heterostructure 2D nanomaterial (black phosphorus; BP) at the top. The angular reflectivity is evaluated using TMM stands for transfer matrix method. The thickness and number of layers have been studied for the optimization of sensitivity. Additionally, normalized electric field distribution, electric field intensity enhancement factor, and phase interrogation parameters have been applied to validate the position of occurrence of resonance angle and ultrahigh sensitivity. The equivalent angular sensitivity for the refractive indices of different stages of malaria infection (ring stage, trophozoite stage, and schizont stage) are 1.396, 1.381, and 1.371 for which the angular sensitivity is 387 degrees/RIU, 305 degrees/RIU, and 273 degrees/RIU respectively. The suggested SPR sensor performs transcendentally when it comes to ring stage detection and corresponding quality factor of 107.12RIU-1 and detection accuracy of 0.27 deg-1. The sensor design can be crucial for future adavncement and practical implimentation of biosensors.